| HI | red or scarlet as color of marking or pattern |
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| HI BAN | a plate of Hi, used for description of Hi quality and thickness |
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| KIWA | back eadge of a Hi (or sumi) marking on the border to the white ground |
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| *sharp kiwa is preferable |
| SASHI | faint red (or gray of sumi) at the front of a Hi (or sumi) marking because the white scales overlap onto the red (or black) scales |
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| *A-scale-wide sashi is good, but wider or uneven-wide sashi are not good. |
| MARUZOME (KIWA) | back edge of a Hi marking, or kiwa, drawing some arches along the scale shapes |
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| HANZOME (KIWA) | back edge line of a Hi marking, or kiwa, is in the middle of the scales |
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| KAMISORI GIWA (razor-cut kiwa) | back edge line of a Hi marking, or kiwa, is sharp and straight in the middle of the scales |
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| TOBI HI | a small Hi spot apart from the markings, unnecessary in most cases |
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| HI MURA | uneven colors in the Hi plate. poor quality Hi |
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| KOKESUKI | koke is a slang of scale, and suki is a gap. Kokesuki is gaps between scales in the color of the pattern. |
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| BOZU | no marking on the head, used especially for the Gasanke and the Utsuri |
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| MADO AKI | a blank or an opening in the pattern |
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| MEKAZURA | a Hi marking touching or covering an eyeball. graceless in most cases |
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